The story of Nicodemus is essential to the Christian faith for several reasons:
- Nicodemus’ nighttime visit to Jesus, as described in John 3:1-21, demonstrates a genuine curiosity and desire to understand Jesus’ teachings. This encounter includes the famous verse John 3:16, which encapsulates the core message of Christianity about God’s love and the promise of eternal life through faith in Jesus.
- In John 7:50-52, Nicodemus speaks up during a meeting of the Sanhedrin, suggesting that the law requires a person to be heard before being judged. This act of defending Jesus highlights the importance of fairness and due process, values that are central to Christian ethics.
- Finally, after the crucifixion of Jesus, Nicodemus, along with Joseph of Arimathea, assisted in preparing Jesus’ body for burial, as described in John 19:38-42. This act of reverence and respect for Jesus, even after his death, underscores the significance of honoring and caring for others, a key principle in Christianity.
Nicodemus was a Pharisee and a member of the Jewish ruling council, known as the Sanhedrin. The Sanhedrin had significant authority and influence, and its members were highly respected within the Jewish community. The Sanhedrin was the supreme council and tribunal of the Jewish people during the time of Jesus. It was composed of religious leaders, including Pharisees and Sadducees, and was responsible for making decisions on spiritual, legal, and political matters. The Sanhedrin played a crucial role in the events leading up to the crucifixion of Jesus, as it was involved in the trials and decisions regarding Jesus’ fate. Nicodemus’ interactions with the Sanhedrin, particularly his defense of Jesus, highlight the complexities and challenges faced by those who sought to follow Jesus during this time.
Not everyone could become a Pharisee. Pharisees were known for their strict adherence to the Torah (the first five books of the Hebrew Bible) and the oral traditions. They were deeply committed to following the laws and rituals prescribed in these texts. Pharisees were typically well-educated in Jewish law and traditions. They often studied under respected teachers and were knowledgeable in interpreting the scriptures. As leaders, they were expected to lead lives of high moral and ethical standards. They were seen as role models in their communities and were expected to uphold the values and principles of the Jewish faith. Not every nor any Pharisee could be a member of the Sanhedrin as they were involved in teaching, leading religious services, and making legal decisions. They were to be the best of the best.
William Barclay (1907-1978) was a Professor of Divinity and Biblical Criticism at Glasgow University in Scotland, and the author of seventeen volumes of commentary on the New Testament. It is here that he helps us to understand the significance of Jesus’s conversation with Nicodemus. Barkley writes, Jesus makes three points:
- Jesus references the kingdom of heaven, into which people cannot enter unless they are “reborn.”
- Jesus offers salvation to all, inviting them to become children of God.
- And Jesus then assures those who believe in Him of eternal life.
What does the Kingdom of Heaven mean? The kingdom of heaven is a society where God’s will is carried out perfectly on earth as it is in heaven. To be in the kingdom of heaven is, therefore, to lead a life in which we have willingly submitted everything to the will of God. This is the rebirth Jesus is talking about.
To believers, we gained something extra. We became children of God (John 1:12).
(John 14:21)1NIV New International Version Translations – “Whoever has my commands and keeps them is the one who loves me. The one who loves me will be loved by my Father, and I too will love them and show myself to them.”
This relationship works only when we give our full attention, acceptance, and obedience to God. The last point Jesus is making is a huge one! As humans, we not only have free will, but we have been given a free choice. Our choice has clear consequences: do we spend it with God and Christ, or spend it separated from God and Christ? Keep in mind, this is a “forever” relationship we are being offered.
Nicodemus might have remained a lesser-known figure in biblical history if he had not sought out Jesus that night. His encounter with Jesus gave rise to one of the most profound declarations in the Christian faith—John 3:16. By emphasizing the inclusivity and eternal impact of this promise, Jesus offers a message that resonates across centuries, asserting that salvation is not limited by status, race, or background but it is a divine gift.
From the profound conversation between Jesus and Nicodemus emerges a timeless revelation about the Kingdom of Heaven. In this dialogue, Jesus unveils God’s boundless love for humanity and presents the unparalleled promise of salvation and eternal life to all who believe in Him. Today, this encounter serves as a cornerstone of Christian faith, showcasing the transformative power of divine grace. Nicodemus’s actions reflect his genuine quest for truth and his courage to uphold justice, even in the face of adversity.
Historical records and extra-biblical traditions suggest that Nicodemus faced consequences for his beliefs. It is believed that he lost his position as a Pharisee and was expelled from the Sanhedrin. Additionally, he was eventually banished from Jerusalem by hostile Jews. Despite the uncertainty surrounding Nicodemus’ post-crucifixion life, his story has left a lasting impact and continues to be a subject of fascination and interpretation in art, literature, and music. And what can we learn from Nicodemus?
Nicodemus’s interactions with the Sanhedrin, particularly his defense of Jesus, highlight the complexities and challenges faced by those who seek to follow Jesus. Even today, we are often called to defend our Savior before the courts of public opinion. Nicodemus demonstrated a willingness to seek the truth and uphold justice, even when it was unpopular or risky. His nighttime visit to Jesus demonstrated his genuine curiosity and desire to understand Jesus’ teachings. By defending Jesus in the Sanhedrin, he emphasized the importance of fairness and due process of law. His involvement in the burial of Jesus demonstrated his respect and reverence for Jesus, even after his death. The life of Nicodemus serves as an excellent template for every Christian as they walk with Christ.
Contemplations
- What motivated Nicodemus to seek out Jesus at night?
- Idea to explore: What are the possible reasons for Nicodemus’ nighttime visit, such as fear of judgment from his peers, genuine curiosity, or a desire for a private conversation? Consider how this reflects the challenges of openly seeking truth in a society with strong opposing views.
- How does Nicodemus’ defense of Jesus in the Sanhedrin illustrate the importance of fairness and due process?
- Idea to explore: Examine the context of Nicodemus’ actions in John 7:50-52 and discuss the significance of his advocacy for hearing Jesus before passing judgment. Relate this to modern principles of justice and fairness, and how these values are integral to Christian ethics.
- What can we learn from Nicodemus’ involvement in Jesus’ burial about the importance of reverence and respect?
- Idea to explore: Reflect on the actions of Nicodemus and Joseph of Arimathea in John 19:38-42, and think about the importance of honoring and caring for others, even under challenging circumstances. Consider how this act of reverence can be applied in our own lives and communities.
- 1NIV New International Version Translations